Intranasal dexmedetomidine (also known as dexmed) is a sedative medication that is sprayed in the nose.

It works by gently calming the body and brain, allowing children to stay relaxed and comfortable during medical procedures. Unlike some other sedatives, it does not usually affect breathing, which makes it a better option for short procedures.

It has been used for many years in intensive care and anaesthetics to help patients relax during procedures and is now also used in Emergency.

During the procedure

The medication is sprayed into the nose with a small spray device. It may feel slightly cold or uncomfortable for a moment.
It usually takes about 15-30 minutes to work. During this time, you may notice your child becoming relaxed and drowsy, they may even go to sleep.

After the procedure

Your child may continue to feel drowsy for around an hour.

Possible side effects

While generally safe, some side effects include:

Lowered heart rate. A slower heart rate is common and is closely watched by medical staff. It would be unusual to need to be treated.
Nausea. Rarely, some children may feel nauseous after receiving dexmedetomidine.
Dry mouth. Some children may experience dry mouth after the procedure.
Lowered Blood Pressure (BP). This is rare but can occur. If it does, our team is ready to address it quickly.

Most children do not experience serious side effects, and our staff will make sure your child is safe and comfortable. The medication is safe in most patients but would rarely be used for children with known heart problems.

If you have any questions or concerns, please don’t hesitate to ask any member of our healthcare team. We’re here to ensure that your child’s procedure is as smooth and comfortable as possible.

Developed by the Emergency Department, Queensland Children’s Hospital. We acknowledge the input of consumers and carers.

Resource ID: FS412. Reviewed: February 2025.

Disclaimer: This information has been produced by healthcare professionals as a guideline only and is intended to support, not replace, discussion with your child’s doctor or healthcare professionals. Information is updated regularly, so please check you are referring to the most recent version. Seek medical advice, as appropriate, for concerns regarding your child’s health.